2792 Dihydroergotamine Dihydroergotamine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ergotamine. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of migraine disorders. Two theories have been proposed to explain the efficacy of 5-HT_1D receptor agonists in migraine: 1) activation of 5-HT_1D receptors located on intracranial blood vessels, including those on arterio-venous anastomoses, leads to vasoconstriction, which correlates with the relief of migraine headache and 2) activation of 5-HT_1D receptors on sensory nerve endings of the trigeminal system results in the inhibition of pro-inflammatory neuropeptide release. 6190-39-2 10531 C33H37N5O5 583.279470 White powder. 2.29e-01 g/L Intravenous (L1362); Nasal (L1362). Interpatient variable and may be dependent on the administration technique Two theories have been proposed to explain the efficacy of 5-HT_1D receptor agonists in migraine: 1) activation of 5-HT_1D receptors located on intracranial blood vessels, including those on arterio-venous anastomoses, leads to vasoconstriction, which correlates with the relief of migraine headache and 2) activation of 5-HT_1D receptors on sensory nerve endings of the trigeminal system results in the inhibition of pro-inflammatory neuropeptide release. Dihydroergotamine is metabolized in the liver, with metabolites predominantly excreted in the feces. (A2942) Route of Elimination: The major excretory route of dihydroergotamine is via the bile in the feces. Only 6%-7% of unchanged dihydroergotamine is excreted in the urine after intramuscular injection. Half Life: 9 hours No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Dihydroergotamine is a 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ergotamine. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of migraine disorders. Ergoline alkaloids occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918, L1932) For the acute treatment of migraine headaches with or without aura and the acute treatment of cluster headache episodes. Ingestion of ergoline alkaloids is known to cause the disease ergotism. Ergotism occurs in two forms, gangrenous and convulsive, likely depending on the different kinds and amounts of ergoline alkaloids present. (A2913, L1933) Convulsive ergotism can cause painful seizures and spasms, diarrhea, paresthesias, itching, headaches, nausea and vomiting. Usually the gastrointestinal effects precede the central nervous system effects. As well as seizures there can be hallucinations and mental effects including mania or psychosis. Gangrenous ergotism causes dry gangrene as a result of vasoconstriction induced in the more poorly vascularized distal structures, such as the fingers and toes. Symptoms include desquamation, weak periphery pulse, loss of peripheral sensation, edema and ultimately the death and loss of affected tissues. (L1920, L1933) Treatment for ergotism consists of vasodilators, anticoagulants and low molecular weight dextrans. If necessary, a sympathetic nerve blockade may be carried out, such as brachial plexus blockade. Temporary sedation (e.g. haloperidol) will be necessary in hallucination and diazepam is used for convulsions. There is no specific antidote. (L1921, L1933) 2009-07-21T20:26:35Z 2014-12-24T20:25:51Z Dihydroergotamine C07798 4562 Dihydroergotamine DB00320 true [H][C@@]12CCCN1C(=O)[C@]([H])(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N1C(=O)[C@@](C)(O[C@@]21O)N=C(O)[C@@]1([H])CN(C)[C@]2([H])CC3=CNC4=CC=CC(=C34)[C@@]2([H])C1 C33H37N5O5 InChI=1S/C33H37N5O5/c1-32(35-29(39)21-15-23-22-10-6-11-24-28(22)20(17-34-24)16-25(23)36(2)18-21)31(41)38-26(14-19-8-4-3-5-9-19)30(40)37-13-7-12-27(37)33(38,42)43-32/h3-6,8-11,17,21,23,25-27,34,42H,7,12-16,18H2,1-2H3,(H,35,39)/t21-,23-,25-,26+,27+,32-,33+/m1/s1 InChIKey=LUZRJRNZXALNLM-JGRZULCMSA-N 583.6774 583.279469319 Exogenous Solid 2 HMDB14465 CHEMBL1732 10091