3562 Melamine Melamine is an organic base and a trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton. Like cyanamide, it contains 66% nitrogen by mass and, if mixed with resins, has fire retardant properties due to its release of nitrogen gas when burned or charred, and has several other industrial uses. Melamine is also a metabolite of cyromazine, a pesticide. It is formed in the body of mammals who have ingested cyromazine. It has been reported that cyromazine can also be converted to melamine in plants. Melamine is described as Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Chronic exposure may cause cancer or reproductive damage. Eye, skin and respiratory irritant. However, the short-term lethal dose is on a par with common table salt with an LD50 of more than 3 grams per kilogram of bodyweight.[15] U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) scientists explained that when melamine and cyanuric acid are absorbed into the bloodstream, they concentrate and interact in the urine-filled renal tubules, then crystallize and form large numbers of round, yellow crystals, which in turn block and damage the renal cells that line the tubes, causing the kidneys to malfunction. 108-78-1 7955 C3H6N6 126.065390 White powder. (L1775) 345°C > 280 °C 1574 kg/m3 3.24 mg/mL at 20°C > 93.3 °C (200°F) 4.7.10-8 Pa (at 20 °C) Oral (L1775) ; inhalation (L1775) ; dermal (L1775) Melamine causes carcinomas of the urinary bladder at high doses (in male rats). Formation of bladder stones occurred and these calculi are necessary for the induction of tumours. Carcinomas are induced by continuous irritation of the bladder epithelium by the calculi, so that melamine acts only indirectly as a non-genotoxic carcinogen. (L1777) Melamine is not metabolized and is rapidly eliminated via urine in a study with oral application to rats. (L1777) LD50: 3161 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L1777) LD50: 3296 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (L1777) LD50: > 1000 mg/kg (Dermal, Rabbit) (L1777) LC50: 3248 mg/m3 (Inhalation, Rat) (L1777) 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135) Melamine has many industrial uses, including the production of laminates, glues, adhesives, moulding compounds, coatings and flame retardants. It is also used in some fertilizers and in the production of melamine resins, typically by reaction with formaldehyde. Melamine is a metabolite of the pesticide cyromazine in plants, goats, hens and rats. (L1775) (L1778) Studies ranging from skin irritation to carcinogenicity are available. Melamine is not genotoxic but it causes carcinomas of the urinary bladder at high doses. Melamine is not irritating to skin and eye, not sensitising and not teratogenic. (L1777) 2009-07-30T17:59:01Z 2014-12-24T20:26:07Z http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melamine C08737 27915 DIHYDRO-DIOH-BENZOATE Melamine AX2 817 true N=C1NC(=N)NC(=N)N1 C3H6N6 InChI=1S/C3H6N6/c4-1-7-2(5)9-3(6)8-1/h(H6,4,5,6,7,8,9) InChIKey=JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 126.1199 126.065394222 Exogenous Solid -1.37 HMDB41922 CHEMBL1231106 7667